One early Pleistocene and one Middle Pleistocene: Spencer and Jaffee 2002 Thesis Paper
A terse line from a survey notebook, and the flood evidence it set down.
These flood deposits contain clues about the number, timing, and magnitude of individual flood events. Modern analysis of rhythmite sequences and clast composition continues to refine our understanding of the flood chronology.
These sites document Missoula Flood deposits identified by researchers studying the downstream effects of the catastrophic flooding through the Columbia Basin, Columbia Gorge, and into the Willamette Valley.
Flood-extent overlay shows the maximum reach of the Missoula Floods.
One of more than 1,800 surveyed sites. Plotted together, the field record is the map that proved the flood.
View on the interactive map Searchable sites · 360° trails · flood reconstruction