Ice Age Floods National Geologic Trail Concept preview
Montana · Idaho · Washington · Oregon

The largest floods in Earth’s history, brought to the public for the first time.

A public-facing companion to the Ice Age Floods Institute — integrating decades of IAFI scholarship with immersive 360° field capture, drone photography, and photogrammetry across four states.

138 sites along the trail 4 states ~15,000 years ago Phase 1 capture: June–July 2026
Umatilla Rock Trail, WA — 360° capture via Terrain360
Where this fits

A complement to IAFI, not a replacement.

The Ice Age Floods Institute has spent decades assembling the scholarship of the floods. This site is the immersive public front door for that work — surfaced to a national audience for the first time, with the 360° and photogrammetry layer IAFI’s existing platforms can’t host.

What this is

The official immersive public trail experience for the Ice Age Floods National Geologic Trail.

Storytelling, trip planning, deep site profiles, and an interactive map — built on top of IAFI’s data, fully attributed, with the immersive 360° / drone / photogrammetry capture layer added on by Terrain360.

What this isn’t

Not a replacement for iceagefloods.org or iafi.org.

IAFI carries on as the scholarly authority, the membership organization, and the chapter network. This site funnels public traffic to IAFI — new members, new donors, new field-trip attendees — not away from it.

Modeled on lewisandclarkresearch.org, the public research site for the Lewis & Clark Trust. Same architecture: scholarly organization keeps its identity; Terrain360 operates the immersive presentation layer. Zero operational burden on IAFI.
The Trail

The full Ice Age Floods trail — explorable in your browser.

Live interactive map with cinematic flood reconstruction, 3D water-extent timeline, before/after split view, and direct entry into every captured site. Powered by Terrain360.

Interactive map

Cinematic flood reconstruction. 3D water timeline. Every captured site.

Open the live map
Sourced from Terrain360 · Migrating to iceagefloodstrail.org/map/ with 301 redirect once Phase 1 commits
Inside the interactive map

Not just a map. A comprehensive geologic exploration tool.

The Trail Map isn’t a pin-on-a-Google-map demo — it’s a custom 3D experience with a cinematic flood reconstruction, layered geologic data, and over 2,500 indexed data points sourced from IAFI, USGS, and four state geological surveys.

Capability 01

Cinematic flood intro

An east-to-west camera sequence retraces the floodpath from the ice dam breach to the Pacific. Auto-plays on first visit; can be replayed anytime.

Capability 02

48-hour 3D timeline

A timeline slider reconstructs the water’s extent hour-by-hour after the dam failed. The flood literally fills the landscape on the map.

Capability 03

Today vs. during the flood

A draggable split view shows the same place as it looks today and as it looked under 500 cubic miles of water. Slide to compare.

Capability 04

Scale comparison cards

Six animated cards put the flood’s scale into reference frames: ten Mississippis, fifty Niagaras, a wall of water taller than the Space Needle.

Capability 05

Layer panel & site search

Five collapsible layer groups, eleven data layers, and filters by data type, state, and route type. Find any of the 103 sites or 1,860 IAFI field locations.

Capability 06

Mobile-first & performant

Bottom-sheet panels, GPU-tier detection, lazy-loaded layers, and a help button that explains the timeline and split view to first-time visitors.

103
geologic sites
174
connecting routes
~400
ice-rafted boulders (erratics)
~1,860
IAFI field-site records
USGS
live river gauges integrated
4
states · MT / ID / WA / OR
Phase 0 · Already on the ground

Ten trails. 2,800+ immersive scenes. Already captured.

From the Blackfoot River in Montana — the flood source — to the Columbia Gorge, the Channeled Scablands, and Palouse Falls, captures are already published on Terrain360. Phase 1 expands the program into the full four-state trail.

Phase 1 deliverables

What we capture — and how your chapters can use it.

Phase 1 spans four capture types, delivered in open formats that work in ArcGIS Online, Esri StoryMaps, Google Earth, Mapbox, and any modern web platform. The assets are yours — not locked to Terrain360.

Immersive corridors

360° panoramic capture

Walkable trails and shoreline corridors captured scene-by-scene at GPS-accurate locations. Hotspot overlays link to interpretive content. Used for hikes, drive routes, paddle corridors, and overlook sequences.

Delivery: equirectangular JPG sequences · Terrain360 trail viewers · embeddable iframes
Aerial perspective

Drone footage & aerial stills

For sites that can’t be walked or boated — Burlingame Canyon, Pantops, Williams Lake Cataract, Benton City Scablands, The Narrows — drone delivers the only practical way to capture the geometry of catastrophe from above.

Delivery: 4K MP4 sequences · geo-tagged stills · orthomosaic where feasible
Walkable 3D models

Photogrammetry & Gaussian splat models

Erratics, small point-locations, and signature geologic features captured as fully-walkable 3D models. Dry Falls overlook, Steamboat Rock, Ginkgo Petrified Forest, Steptoe, Spokane Falls, and named erratics including the Bretz-identified boulders.

Delivery: glTF / GLB · USDZ for iOS AR · Gaussian splat (.ply / .splat) · web viewer with measurement tools
Portable, not locked in

Multi-format, partner-ready

Every asset is exported in the open formats your chapters and state agencies already use. Drop them into the platforms your audiences already live in — we hand over working files, not a black box.

Compatible with: ArcGIS Online · Esri StoryMaps · Google Earth (KMZ) · Mapbox (GeoJSON) · modern web (glTF / USDZ)
The full vision

Eight sections. One coherent home for the trail.

This is what iceagefloodstrail.org becomes alongside the Phase 1 field capture — the official public-facing trail experience that integrates IAFI’s scholarship and Terrain360’s immersive capture.

01

Home

Hero map, latest captures, what is the Ice Age Floods Trail.

In Phase 1
02

The Trail Map

The full interactive Terrain360 map — cinematic intro, 3D flood timeline, split view, every captured site.

In Phase 1
03

Sites

Deep page per geologic location. 360° capture, drone, photogrammetry, geologic context, Bretz commentary.

~10 hero sites in Phase 1, full 138 in Phase 2
04

The Floods Story

Narrative timeline from ice dam breach to today. Embedded 3D visualization. Scale comparisons.

In Phase 1
05

Research

Bretz, Pardee, O’Connor, Bjornstad archive. IAFI scholarship surfaced to the public. Scholar bios.

Scaffolded in Phase 1
06

Chapters & Regions

One page per IAFI chapter and per geologic region. Each chapter gets a public home.

Scaffolded in Phase 1
07

Plan a Visit

Itineraries, drive routes, seasonal notes, accessibility, partner integrations with state tourism.

Scaffolded in Phase 1
08

About & Get Involved

IAFI front and center. Membership funnel, donation, partner attribution, dream-team bios.

In Phase 1
What a Site profile looks like

Click through to see a real Site profile.

This is the template every Phase 1 capture site lives in. Built once, scales to 138.

Site profile preview

Umatilla Rock Trail — Dry Falls, Washington

The largest waterfall on Earth, now dry. Five hundred immersive scenes wrap the plunge basin where the floods carved a 3.5-mile-wide cataract four times the width of Niagara. The full Site profile integrates the 360° capture, geologic context, J Harlen Bretz commentary, IAFI source data, and visitor information.

View the sample profile
Phased delivery

Phase 1 is the start, not the finish.

The Phase 1 capture campaign already in your hands funds the build. Phases 2 and 3 are the roadmap that makes the trail a national destination.

Phase 1 · June–August 2026

Field capture + permanent digital home

  • 45+ priority sites captured across MT / ID / WA / OR
  • iceagefloodstrail.org built — Home, Trail Map, Floods Story, About fully built
  • ~10 hero Site profiles (Phase 1 captures) deployed by end of August
  • Research, Chapters, Plan a Visit scaffolded with IAFI integration ready
  • Map migrated from terrain360.com with full 301 redirect
Phase 2 · Roadmap

Full trail buildout

  • All 138 Site profiles complete
  • Education / curriculum hub for K–12 and higher ed
  • Expanded Research wing with deeper IAFI integration
  • Chapter pages fully populated with IAFI content
Phase 3 · Roadmap

National destination

  • Spanish-language site
  • Companion mobile app
  • State tourism partner integrations (WA / OR / ID / MT)
  • Official NPS trail-page integration
The floods, by the numbers

When the dam broke, the water moved.

A 2,000-foot-tall ice dam held back a lake the size of Lake Erie. When it failed, ~500 cubic miles of water emptied in 48 hours, scouring a quarter of Washington State down to bedrock. It happened dozens of times.

~15,000
years ago
2,000 ft
ice dam height
500 mi³
water released per flood
10×
faster than the Mississippi
Partners & attribution

Built with the floods community.

Ice Age Floods Institute National Park Service USGS Washington State Geological Survey Terrain360

For IAFI & partners

Questions, content corrections, chapter integration, partnership ideas — contact Ryan Abrahamsen, Terrain360 founder.

ryan@terrain360.com · 804.677.1456

Dream team contributors

James O’Connor (USGS) · Bruce Bjornstad · Stacy Warren (EWU) · Dan Coe (WGS) · Lloyd Dekay (IAFI Lower Columbia) · Jeffrey Becklund (IAFI Wenatchee) · Glenn Cruickshank · Justin Radford (NPS).